Anatomy, technique evolution and evidence for facial rejuvenation surgery.
Research · 9 min read
An evidence-led guide to facelift history, from early skin redraping to SMAS and deep plane surgery, including what these terms mean and why no technique is right for everyone.
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Research · 12 min read
An evidence-based explanation of deep plane facelift anatomy, retaining ligaments, the SMAS, facial nerve safety, evidence limits and why technique choice must be individual.
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Research · 11 min read
A mini facelift may be a sensible option for selected people with early lower-face laxity, but a shorter incision does not make it a universal substitute for a full facelift or neck lift. This evidence-led guide explains the trade-offs.
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